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1975–After a three and one-half year fight, John Lennon wins the right to remain in the United States of America. A three-judge court of appeals overturns the deportation order pending against Lennon. The U.S. Court of Appeals in New York rules that his 1968 pot bust is an invalid excuse for forcing him to leave America. They rule that Lennon’s drug conviction in the U.K. was not in accordance with U.S. interpretation of due process, and that, therefore, the conviction did not justify a deportation order. The ruling noted that, “Lennon’s four-year battle to remain in our country is a testimony to his faith in the American dream.” The court further orders the Immigration and Naturalization Service to reconsider Lennon’s request for resident status.


BC 3761–This is the epoch reference date epoch (origin) of the modern Hebrew calendar (Proleptic Julian calendar).

BC 13–Politician, Drusus Julius Caesar, is born Nero Claudius Drusus in Rome. He was the son of Emperor Tiberius, and heir to the Roman Empire, following the death of his adoptive brother, Germanicus, in 19 AD.

858–Japanese Emperor Montoku dies in Heian Kyo (Kyoto), at age 32.

929–Charles III, known as Charles the Simple, King of France, dies in Péronne, France, at age 50.

951–Emperor Shizong of Liao is murdered by an officer after a battle, at age 32.

988–Chinese King, Qian Chu, dies after drinking wine that makes him ill in Dèng Prefecture, Song dynasty, at age 69. In 978, he surrendered his kingdom to the Song dynasty.

1242–Emperor Juntoku of Japan dies in exile on Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, Japan, at age 44.

1403–At the Battle of Modon, a Genoese fleet, under Jean Le Maingre (Marshal Boucicaut), is defeated by the Republic of Venice at Modon in the Peloponnese.

1406–French troops comprising 1,000 men at arms land on Jersey to fight a battle against 3,000 defenders.

1471–Frederick I of Denmark is born at Haderslevhus in Haderslev, Denmark. He was the penultimate Roman Catholic monarch to reign over Denmark, when subsequent monarchs embraced Lutheranism after the Reformation.

1477–Uppsala University is inaugurated after receiving its corporate rights from Pope Sixtus IV in February the same year.

1513–Spanish troops under Ramón de Cardona defeat the Venetians.

1542–Explorer, Cabrillo, discovers Santa Catalina Island off of the California coast.

1571–The Battle of Lepanto is fought, and the Holy League (Spain and Italy) annihilates the Turkish fleet.

1582–Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain.

1691–The English royal charter for the Province of Massachusetts Bay is issued.

1763–King George III of the United Kingdom issues the Royal Proclamation of 1763, closing aboriginal lands in North America north and west of the Alleghenies to white settlements.

1776–Crown Prince Paul of Russia marries Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg.

1777–The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights.

1780–American Patriot militia defeat Loyalist irregulars, led by British major Patrick Ferguson, at the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina, during the American Revolutionary War.

1800–French corsair, Robert Surcouf, commander of the 18-gun ship La Confiance, captures the British 38-gun Kent, inspiring the traditional French song Le Trente-et-un du mois d'août.

1826–The Granite Railway begins operations as the first chartered railway in the U.S.

1828–The city of Patras, Greece, is liberated by the French expeditionary force in the Peloponnese, under General Maison.

1840–Willem II becomes King of the Netherlands.

1849–Author, Edgar Allan Poe, is severely beaten and left to die in an alley in Baltimore, Maryland, at age 40. His murder would never be solved.

1862–Royal Columbian Hospital (RCH) opens as the first hospital in the Canadian province of British Columbia.

1864–The USS Wachusett illegally captures the CSS Florida Confederate raider while in port in Bahia, Brazil, in violation of Brazilian neutrality.

1868–Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies with initial student enrollment at 412, the highest at any American university to that date.

1870–During the siege of Paris, France, in the Franco-Prussian War, Léon Gambetta flees in a hot-air balloon.

1879–Germany and Austria-Hungary sign the "Twofold Covenant" and create the Dual Alliance.

1900–Commander and politician, Heinrich (Luitpold) Himmler, is born in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, Germany. He was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron, SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany. Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler, briefly appointed him a military commander and later Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the administration of the entire Third Reich (Generalbevollmächtigter für die Verwaltung). Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and one of the people most directly responsible for the Holocaust.

1905–Actor, Andy Devine, is born Andrew Vabre Devine in Flagstaff, Arizona. He is best known as a character actor and comic cowboy sidekick with a distinctive raspy, crackly voice. His notable roles include 10 films as "Cookie," the sidekick of Roy Rogers. He appeared in the films Destry Rides Again, A Star Is Born, Stagecoach, Badlands of Dakota, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, The Red Badge of Courage, Pete Kelly's Blues, Around the World in 80 Days, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Two Rode Together, The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, How the West Was Won, and It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World.

1911–Singer, Vaughn (Wilton) Monroe, is born in Akron, Ohio. He was a trumpeter, big band leader, actor, and businessman, most popular in the 1940s and 1950s.

1912–The Helsinki Stock Exchange conducts its first transaction.

1916–Georgia Tech defeats Cumberland University 222-0 in the most lopsided college football game in American history.

1917–Actress, June Allyson, is born Eleanor Geisman in the Bronx, New York. She appeared in the films Girl Crazy, Two Girls and a Sailor, Till the Clouds Roll By, Good News, The Three Musketeers, Words and Music, Little Women, The Stratton Story, Too Young to Kiss, The Glenn Miller Story, Executive Suite, Woman’s World, Strategic Air Command, The Opposite Sex, and My Man Godfrey. She was married to actor, Dick Powell.

1918–The Regency Council of the Kingdom of Poland declares independence from the German Empire and forms the Republic of Poland.

1919–KLM, the flag carrier of the Netherlands, is founded. It is the oldest airline still operating under its original name.

1919–Politician, Alfred Deakin, dies of of meningoencephalitis in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, at age 63. He was the second Prime Minister of Australia.

1924–Andreas Michalakopoulos becomes Prime Minister of Greece for a short period of time.

1927–Singer, Al Martino, is born Jasper Cini in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He had his greatest success as a singer between the early 1950s and mid-1970s, being described as "one of the great Italian American pop crooners."

1929–Photius II becomes Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.

1931–Archbishop and activist, Desmond (Mpilo) Tutu, is born in Klerksdorp, Western Transvaal, South Africa. He was the first black Archbishop of Cape Town and bishop of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa (now the Anglican Church of Southern Africa). Tutu has been widely praised for his anti-apartheid activism. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984, the Albert Schweitzer Prize for Humanitarianism in 1986, the Pacem in Terris Award in 1987, the Sydney Peace Prize in 1999, the Gandhi Peace Prize in 2007, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.

1933–Air France is put into operarion, after being formed by a merger of five French airlines.

1934–Poet and playwright, Amiri Baraka, is born Everett LeRoy Jones in Newark, New Jersey. In the early 1960s, he was one of the Beat poets on New York's Lower East Side. His first book of poetry was Preface to a Twenty-Volume Suicide Note. As time wore on, he moved away from Beat poetry and became more preoccupied with issues of race and politics. In 1965, he opened the influential Black Arts Repertory Theater and School. He also became a follower of the Kawaida faith, a combination of Islam and traditional African religion, and changed his name to Amiri Baraka, which means “blessed prince.”

1937–Chet Powers, of Quicksilver Messenger Service, is born Chester William Powers, Jr. in Danbury, Connecticut. Also known as Dino Valenti and Jesse Oris Farrow, he wrote the Youngbloods’ hit Get Together.

1940–In World War II, the McCollum memo proposes bringing the United States into the war in Europe by provoking the Japanese to attack the U.S.

1942–The October Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins as U.S. Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.

1943–Musician, Dino Valenti, is born in New York. He wrote the Youngbloods’ hit Get Together. He recorded his own self-titled stream-of-consciousness solo album in 1968. It subsequently became a prized artifact amongst connoisseurs of psychedelia.

1944–In World War II, during an uprising at Birkenau concentration camp, Jewish prisoners burn down Crematorium IV.

1944–Martin Murray, of The Honeycombs, is born in London, England.

1944–Folk-pop singer, Judee Sill, is born Judith Lynne Sill in Oakland, California. She released two LPs, Judee Sill and Heart Food.

1949–The communist German Democratic Republic (East Germany) is formed.

1950–Mother Teresa builds an order called Missionary of Charity.

1951–Musician, John Mellencamp, is born in Seymour, Indiana. He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation. Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s with a string of “Top 10” singles, including Hurts So Good, Jack & Diane, Crumblin' Down, Pink Houses, Lonely Ol' Night, Small Town, and R.O.C.K. in the U.S.A.

1951–Businessman, Anton Philips, dies in Eindhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands, at age 77. He co-founded Royal Philips Electronics N.V. in 1912, with his older brother, Gerard Philips.

1952–Howlin’ Wolf records My Last Affair at the Sun Studios in Memphis, Tennessee.

1952–Colonel and politician, Vladimir (Vladimirovich) Putin, is born in Leningrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (present-day Saint Petersburg, Russia). He was the 4th President of Russia.

1955–Beat poet, Allen Ginsberg, reads his poem, “Howl,” for the first time at a poetry reading in San Francisco, California.

1956–Inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, Clarence Birdseye, dies of a heart attack at the Gramercy Park Hotel in Manhattan, New York, at age 69. He founded the Birdseye frozen food company. He is considered to be the founder of the modern frozen food industry.

1957–The teen music dance show, American Bandstand, debuts as a local program in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1958–President of Pakistan, Iskander Mirza, with the support of General Ayub Khan and the army, suspends the 1956 constitution, imposes martial law, and cancels the elections scheduled for January 1959.

1958–The U.S. manned space-flight project is renamed Project Mercury.

1959–USSR probe Luna 3 transmits the first ever photographs of the far side of the Moon.

1963–John F. Kennedy signs the ratification of the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

1960–The innovative TV drama series, Route 66, debuts in America.

1963–A chart topper: Sugar Shack by Jimmy Gilmer & The Fireballs.

1964–The teen music show Shindig! features The Beatles performing a pre-recorded performance of I’m a Loser, Kansas City, and Boys, from London, England.

1968–The Motion Picture Association of America adopts a film rating system.

1970–Janis Joplin's body is cremated in Los Angeles, California. Her ashes are later scattered from a plane along the California coastline.

1975–After a three and one-half year fight, John Lennon wins the right to remain in the United States of America. A three-judge court of appeals overturns the deportation order pending against Lennon. The U.S. Court of Appeals in New York rules that his 1968 pot bust is an invalid excuse for forcing him to leave America. They rule that Lennon’s drug conviction in the U.K. was not in accordance with U.S. interpretation of due process, and that, therefore, the conviction did not justify a deportation order. The ruling noted that, “Lennon’s four-year battle to remain in our country is a testimony to his faith in the American dream.” The court further orders the Immigration and Naturalization Service to reconsider Lennon’s request for resident status.

1976–Hua Guofeng becomes Mao Zedong's successor as Chairman of Communist Party of China, following the latter's death barely a month earlier.

1977–The adoption of the Fourth Soviet Constitution takes place.

1985–The MS Achille Lauro is hijacked by the Palestine Liberation Front.

1985–The Mameyes landslide kills close to 300 people in the worst landslide in North American history.

1987–Sikh nationalists declare the independence of Khalistan from India.

1988–An Iñupiat hunter discovers three gray whales trapped under the ice in Barrow, Alaska, and the situation leads to a multi-national effort to free the whales.

1991–The bombing of Banski dvori in Zagreb, Croatia, takes place during the Croatian War of Independance.

1993–The flood of 1993 ends at St. Louis, Missouri, 103 days after it began, as the Mississippi River falls below flood stage.

1996–The Fox News Channel begins broadcasting.

1998–Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, is found tied to a fence after being savagely beaten by two young adults in Laramie, Wyoming.

1999–Computer scientist, David A. Huffman, dies of cancer in Santa Cruz, California, at age 74. He was a pioneer in computer science, known for his Huffman coding.

2001–The U.S. invasion of Afghanistan begins with an air assault and covert operations on the ground.

2003–Governor of California, Gray Davis, is recalled in favor of Arnold Schwarzenegger.

2005–Actor, Charles Rocket, dies of suicide in Canterbury, Connecticut, at age 56. He was best known for his tenure as a cast member on Saturday Night Live. He appeared in the films Miracles, Down Twisted, Earth Girls Are Easy, Sances with Wolves, Delirious, Hocus Pocus, Short Cuts, It’s Pat, Dumb and Dumber, and Steal Big Steal Little.

2008–Asteroid 2008 TC3 impacts the Earth over Sudan.

2010–Politician, Milka Planinc, dies in Zagreb, Croatia, at age 85. She was the seventh Prime Minister of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

2011–Politician, Ramiz Alia, dies of lung disease in Tirana, Albania, at age 85. He was the first President of Albania. He was the last communist leader of the country.

2016–The pound sterling sustains a flash crash, dropping from an exchange rate of $1.23 to $1.13 in a few minutes of trading, regaining much of it back. Observers blame the development on algorithmic trading.

2016–The Nobel Prize committee awards Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos the Nobel Peace Prize for his resolute efforts to bring the country's more than 50-year-long civil war to an end; a war that killed at least 220 thousand Colombians and displaced close to six million people.

2016–In the wake of Hurricane Matthew, the death toll rises to 800. It moved across the Western Atlantic, hitting parts of Haiti, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, the Lucayan Archipelago, the southeastern United States, and the Canadian Maritimes.

2017–The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approves Google's plan to restore some cell phone service in hurricane-hit Puerto Rico with Project Loon balloons.

2017–At least 20 people are injured when a car jumps the pavement near the Natural History Museum on Exhibition Road in London, England. A man was detained at the scene and later arrested.


PHOTOS TOP TO BOTTOM: Drusus Julius Caesar; Santa Catalina Island off of the California coast; King Willem II of the Netherlands; June Allyson; Al Martino; The Honeycombs; Vladimir Putin; Martin Milner and George Maharis of Route 66 on the cover of TV Guide; the FOX News Channel logo; and Charles Rocket.
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